• The protective role of HMW HA in inflammatory diseases and

  2023-02-08

  

  The protective role of HMW-HA in inflammatory diseases and pulmonary damage led us to investigate whether PM2.5-induced ALI could be attenuated by HMW-HA and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we used a rat model to evaluate the effect of HMW-HA on pulmonary histology, lung inflammation, oxid

• ASK belongs to the family of MAPKKK ASK

  2023-02-08

  

  ASK1 belongs to the family of MAPKKK. ASK1-mediated apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as I/R injury, infectious diseases and neurodegenerative disorders [33], [34], [35]. ASK1 can be activated through different mechanisms. One mechanism is that oxidative stress direc

• It is well known that neurosteroids

  2023-02-08

  

  It is well-known that neurosteroids such as testosterone and their metabolites endogenously modulate neural excitability in animals and humans. Testosterone has protective effects against seizures induced by KA and PTZ (Frye et al., 2001b; Reddy, 2004b). Estrogens, on the other hand, have proconvuls

• In the pituitary of R quelen

  2023-02-08

  

  In the pituitary of R. quelen mRNA levels of cyp19a1b were found to be higher in males than females, suggesting a sex-specific function, and perhaps a local action to regulate gonadotropins or other pituitary hormone secretion (Olivereau and Callard, 1985; Zhang et al., 2014). Interestingly, the hig

• Although the role of apelin and APJ receptor

  2023-02-08

  

  Although the role of apelin and APJ receptor in cardiovascular functions has been well-elucidated, little is known for the effect of the central apelinergic system on gastrointestinal (GI) functions. In mice, it has been found previously that central exogenous apelin-13 decreased gastric emptying (G

• The primary structure of the

  2023-02-08

  

  The primary structure of the Aβ peptide can be divided into four regions based on hydrophobicity. The N-terminal residues 1–16 comprise the first hydrophilic region, which also contains the metal binding site. More specifically, side chain carboxylate of D1 and the side chain nitrogens of H6, H13 an

• br Introduction It is well known that

  2023-02-08

  

  Introduction It is well known that when epithelial cells are deprived of anchorage, they undergo detachment-induced apoptosis, also known as anoikis. Cancer cells, by contrast, are able to suppress anoikis and survive under anchorage -independent conditions in the circulating system, which is tho

• Recent results suggest that TARPs are not

  2023-02-08

  

  Recent results suggest that TARPs are not the only auxiliary AMPAR subunits. Using a proteomic strategy (affinity purification of native AMPAR complexes followed by mass-spectrometric analysis), cornichon-related proteins (CNIHs) have been recently identified as components of the AMPAR protein micro

• br Conclusion br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgements

  2023-02-08

  

  Conclusion Conflict of interest Acknowledgements Introduction Human salivary aldehyde dehydrogenase (hsALDH) (E.C. 1.2.1.5) is the first line of defence against toxic aldehydes in the oral cavity. HsALDH is primarily a dimeric, class 3 ALDH (ALDH3A1) specific for aromatic and long/medium

• The AhR molecule is composed of multiple functional

  2023-02-07

  

  The AhR molecule is composed of multiple functional domains [38]. In the N-terminal end, the AhR contains bHLH domain which is involved in DNA binding, dimerization with ARNT and association with chaperone proteins. The PAS domain, which is situated next to the bHLH domain consists of two structural

• br Distribution of OCT in rat brain

  2023-02-07

  

  Distribution of OCT3 in rat brain To understand the potential roles of this corticosterone-sensitive monoamine clearance mechanism in the regulation of monoaminergic neurotransmission and behavior, and its potential contribution to corticosteroid actions on behavior, we examined the rostrocaudal

• APPL is highly expressed in pancreatic cells but

  2023-02-07

  

  APPL1 is highly expressed in pancreatic β cells, but its levels are significantly decreased in several mouse models of obesity and diabetes, including HFD-induced obese mice and db/db mice [6], [73], suggesting that the dysregulation of APPL1 may be associated with malfunction of the pancreas in obe

• Beside activation of adenosine receptors A a A

  2023-02-07

  

  Beside activation of adenosine receptors (A2a.1, A2a.2, A2b) by FSK treatment, the expression of adenosine receptors was also upregulated, when embryos were exposed to inhibitors (SU5416 and DAPT) alone and also combined with FSK. Our data imply that adenosine receptor was associated with a positive

• A borderline significant effect of

  2023-02-07

  

  A borderline significant effect of women's age has been observed for ADA6 only. For ADA2 the proportion of the *1/*1 genotype is 69.4% in women aged ≤36 years vs. 66.9% in women aged ≥36 years (p=0.944). The proportion of ADA6*1 allele carriers is 32.6% in women aged ≤36 years vs. 49. 8 in women age

• In addition we performed Western

  2023-02-07

  

  In addition, we performed Western-blot analysis of different areas of mouse brain with beauty spot against mAck1 (Ureña et al., 2005). The data obtained showed a high rate of expression in neocortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and brainstem (Fig. 4). More moderate levels of expression were seen in hy

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