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Drug resistance development often involves structurally un r
2024-07-25
Drug resistance development often involves structurally un-related drugs and, specifically both conventional and targeted agents. IGROV-1/Pt1 chemokine receptor antagonist are characterized by resistance to cisplatin and reduced sensitivity to inhibitors of EGF-R and MEK, the up-stream activator of
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Axl which belongs to the
2024-07-25
Axl, which belongs to the Tyro-Axl-Mer (TAM) family of RTKs, has been reported to regulate a variety of physiological processes including cell survival, proliferation, migration and adhesion, through the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (
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The main function of ATR CHK
2024-07-25
The main function of ATR/CHK1 signaling is activating heme oxygenase checkpoint arrest for S and G2 phases in mammalian cells. There are three checkpoints in response to DNA damage: G1/S, G2/M, and S-phase. The G2/M checkpoint can prevent cells that incur DNA damage in G2 phase or progress into G2
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There are profound differences between
2024-07-25
There are profound differences between acute and chronic pain when dramatic changes occur in peripheral nociceptors and central nociceptive pathways and the pain system is sensitised thereby leading to exaggerated responses to noxious stimuli (hyperalgesia) and responses to non-noxious stimuli (allo
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Hepatoid adenocarcinoma closely resembles HCC and
2024-07-25
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma closely resembles HCC and in some cases can be indistinguishable morphologically. Hepatoid adenocarcinoma is an aggressive neoplasm, and metastasis to the liver is common [12]. Gastric metastasis from HCC has also been reported [27]. Distinguishing hepatoid adenocarcinoma fro
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br Roles of apelin and APJ in cardiovascular diseases br
2024-07-25
Roles of apelin and APJ in cardiovascular diseases Therapeutic potential of apelin/APJ in cardiovascular diseases Since the apelin/APJ system plays a key role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, it seems logical to presume that targeting this axis should be feasible
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br Concluding remarks br Definition Prion
2024-07-25
Concluding remarks Definition Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders that are caused by an unconventional agent that is neither bacterial nor viral, but is in essence an infectious misfolded amyloidogenic protein, termed a prion (Prusiner, 1982). Once considered highly controvers
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Whereas allostery in the cell is relatively understudied sig
2024-07-25
Whereas allostery in the β cell is relatively understudied, significant progress has been made in understanding the physiology and mechanistic biology of how AMPK and its upstream kinases govern β cell function. LKB1 phosphorylates AMPKα at Thr172 [21], and loss of LKB1 in β cells abolishes phosphor
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br Experimental section br Introduction NMDA receptor induce
2024-07-25
Experimental section Introduction NMDA receptor-induced increases in AMPAR trafficking to the synaptic surface mediates changes in synaptic efficacy in a number of DDD107498 mg regions (Shi et al., 1999, Sun et al., 2005, Frenkel et al., 2006). While this process has been linked to the regula
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br Methods br Results br
2024-07-24
Methods Results Discussion By following a large cohort of older persons for up to 11 years, we found that subjects with more degraded FR in motor activity (i.e., weaker temporal activity correlations at time scales between baseline assessments and clinical AD diagnosis is 4.6 years, sugges
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Rimonabant Regenerative mechanisms often require reemploymen
2024-07-24
Regenerative mechanisms often require reemployment of pathways used during development in the embryonic and postnatal periods (Waschek, 2002). PACAP has diverse neurodevelopmental and growth factor-like effects (Botia et al., 2007; Vaudry et al., 2009; Waschek, 2002; Watanabe et al., 2016) and it i
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During the course of our
2024-07-24
During the course of our ACK1 inhibitor program, a high-throughput screening (HTS) campaign of our internal sample collection was conducted. A series of -aryl pyrimidine-5-carboxamides of the general structure () was identified. Earlier studies of the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of ident
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Concerning asthma in a study evaluating the effect
2024-07-24
Concerning asthma, in a study evaluating the effect of tiotropium in severe asthma, the sputum eosinophil count and exhaled nitric oxide were also assessed. However, evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of tiotropium was difficult because these markers were low at baseline and thereafter. In a
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br Disclaimer br Conflicts of interest br Role of the
2024-07-24
Disclaimer Conflicts of interest Role of the Sponsor Acknowledgements Funding/support: This project was supported by a grant from the Department of Surgery (R5129), Western University and by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) Western site. ICES is funded by an annual g
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Another significant group of reductase
2024-07-24
Another significant group of 5α-reductase inhibitors is the steroidal 3-carboxylic Picrotoxin receptor derivatives (relevant examples in Fig. 5), which were designed to mimic the putative enzyme-bound enolate intermediate. This was achieved by introducing sp2-hybridized centers at C3 and C4 and an
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