• br AMPK as a druggable target AMPK signaling has attracted

  2024-08-19

  

  AMPK as a druggable target AMPK signaling has attracted considerable attention within the past decades, owing to the capacity of pharmacological compounds (e.g., 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside [AICAR] and metformin) or natural compounds (e.g., resveratrol) to activate AMPK in

• Several enzymes in serine and

  2024-08-19

  

  Several enzymes in serine and glycine metabolism have been proposed as biomarkers for cancer stage and prognosis. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), phosphoserine phosphatase (PSPH), and serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) levels are high in TNBC and low in luminal-A breast cancers (Kim et a

• Growing evidence indicates that GRKs can exert different

  2024-08-17

  

  Growing evidence indicates that GRKs can exert different effects within the cell depending on the stimulus, cell type, and localization [97], [121]. In this sense, we were the first to demonstrate a mitochondrial localization for GRK2 [122], later confirmed by other investigators [123], establishing

• The subdivision of HT receptors started

  2024-08-17

  

  The subdivision of 5-HT receptors started in the 1950s by Gaddum and colleagues, when they realised that in the guinea pig ileum, the effects of 5-HT could be blocked in part by morphine (M), and in part by dibenzyline (D). Gaddum and Picarelli proposed two receptor classes, 5-HT M and 5-HT D (1957)

• br Acknowledgements This work was supported by Conselho Naci

  2024-08-17

  

  Acknowledgements This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) FINEP research grant “Rede Instituto Brasil

• br ATX LPA pathway in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis

  2024-08-17

  

  ATX–LPA pathway in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis Several animal models have been used to characterize the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis and to test new therapeutic strategies. The collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model (Courtenay et al., 1980, Luross and Williams, 2

• Maintaining the normal vaginal fluid acidity

  2024-08-17

  

  Maintaining the normal vaginal fluid acidity is important for vaginal functions (Wagner and Levin 1984). Estrogen has been shown essential in maintaining the acidity of vaginal fluid, in which its deficiency could cause vaginal fluid pH to increase (Gorodeski et al. 2005). After menopause, low estro

• and LO are members of the

  2024-08-17

  

  5- and 12/15-LO are members of the lipoxygenase family that convert arachidonic Ezatiostat mg into lipid mediators such as leukotriene B4 (LTB) and 12()-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and 15()-HETE, respectively. Evidence from several in vitro and in vivo studies has shown that activation of t

• The isoelectric point of CL ARG was

  2024-08-17

  

  The isoelectric point of CL-ARG was determined by native IEF at a Silicristin gradient in the range (3–10) using standard protein markers with known isoelectric points. Native IEF reveals the presence of only one major band for CL-ARG with a slightly neutral-basic pI value of about 7.7. The calculat

• 8-oxo-dgtp br APJ expression in metabolic

  2024-08-17

  

  APJ expression in metabolic diseases Under physiological conditions, APJ is present in humans as well as in mouse tissues with high metabolic activity such as muscle and adipose tissue but not in the liver. Moreover, the presence and regulation of APJ in established adipocyte or muscle cell lines

• This development notwithstanding the chemotherapeutic treatm

  2024-08-16

  

  This development notwithstanding, the chemotherapeutic treatment for leukemia has stagnated over the last 40 years [35]. Main treatment options necessitate aggressive chemotherapy to target leukemic cells [36], [37], [38], [39]. Several limitations of current treatment options include the use of ant

• For the first series we decided to verify the

  2024-08-16

  

  For the first series we decided to verify the effects induced, on the ALR2 inhibitory properties, of an additional steric hindrance on the carbon in α position with respect to the carboxylic group, by introducing a methyl group (R2=Me). Therefore, we synthesized a series of new α-alanine derivatives

• br Introduction Our ability to

  2024-08-16

  

  Introduction Our ability to see our surrounding relies directly on the integrity of the anatomical structures composing our eyes. One of these key components is the cornea, consisting of the outer layer of the eye. Its transparency is crucial for light transmission to the retina and allows proper

• Extracellular ATP and downstream purinergic signaling have

  2024-08-16

  

  Extracellular ATP and downstream purinergic signaling have also been proposed to contribute to dental pulp tissue healing and dentin regeneration. Mechanical and thermal stimulation of external dentin can induce ATP release in dental pulp through pannexins [13]. Cold stimulation was also reported to

• With the treatment options available today including a combi

  2024-08-16

  

  With the treatment options available today including a combination of symptomatic treatments and general immunosuppression, many MG patients can lead productive lives [1], [4], [20]. The frequency of death has decreased due to improved management and detection of milder cases. At present, the overal

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